The Semiconductor Industry Association this week released a report on the state of the American chip industry, highlighting issues surrounding U.S. Chips Act implementation, the manufacturing industrial base, global chip demand, American technological competitiveness, geopolitical tensions impacting the industry and more.
Exports to China
A former U.S. trade representative and treasury secretary this week cautioned the Biden administration as it prepares to introduce a new outbound investment screening regime, saying new authorities like these tend to expand over time and could eventually be used beyond their intended purpose.
U.S. policymakers should explore new ways to restrict transfers of items and services that China may be using to advance its artificial intelligence capabilities, such as data, algorithms and human capital, the Center for a New American Security said in a report this week. Although the administration should “aggressively” restrict exports to China of advanced semiconductor equipment, the report said Washington also needs to “seek out creative tools to regulate other basic building blocks of AI.”
The Senate last week approved an amendment to its version of the FY 2024 National Defense Authorization Act that would restrict certain U.S. petroleum exports from being shipped to certain foreign “adversaries.” The amendment, which was approved 85-12, would specifically prohibit U.S. Strategic Petroleum Reserve sales to any entity “under the ownership or control” of the Chinese, Russian, North Korean or Iranian governments, with certain exceptions for national security reasons.
Republicans on the House Select Committee on China urged U.S. officials this week to cut off a broader range of exports to China, arguing that trade with China is helping to fund Beijing’s efforts to undermine American national security. Committee chair Mike Galagher, R-Wis., specifically asked witnesses from the Commerce, State and Defense Departments to enact a technology export ban on Huawei that the administration has reportedly been considering for the last year (see 2301310009).
The Biden administration will complete its review of the Section 301 tariffs "this fall," U.S. Trade Representative Katherine Tai wrote to senators, and while she did not commit to any course of action, she wrote: "As part of the 4-Year Review of the Section 301 tariffs, USTR is reviewing the effectiveness of the tariffs in achieving the objectives of the investigation, as well as the effect of the tariffs on consumers, workers, and the U.S. economy at large. As part of this review, we are considering the existing tariffs structure and how to make the tariffs more strategic in light of impacts on sectors of the U.S. economy as well [as] the goal of increasing domestic manufacturing."
A former senior export control official with the Commerce Department told the House Select Committee on China that he thinks the Entity List is ineffective against China, because countries can change their names, establish partnerships, change locations, and because the Entity List is a "meat cleaver" approach, given that listed parties are subject to very strict licensing requirements.
A State Department official this week denied allegations that the agency has held back sanctions and export controls in an effort to limit damage to the U.S.-China relationship, saying the Biden administration continues to enforce a range of human rights-related trade restrictions against Beijing. But the official also said the administration hasn’t yet imposed mandatory sanctions under the Uyghur Human Rights Policy Act of 2020 and was accused by at least one lawmaker of failing to comply with a congressional subpoena that sought information on sanctions against China.
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The Biden administration’s potential outbound investment screening program could feature a combination of notification requirements and, in some cases, outright prohibitions on American investments in China, Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen said this week. She also offered the administration’s strongest comments to date in support of a new investment screening regime, saying there’s a “good chance” the U.S. issues the rules.