CRS Reports on Bahrain: Reform, Security, and U.S. Policy
The Congressional Research Service has issued a report (95-1013) entitled, "Bahrain: Reform, Security, and U.S. Policy." After experiencing serious unrest during the late 1990s, Bahrain undertook several steps to enhance the inclusion of the Shiite majority in governance. However, the Sunni-led government’s efforts to maintain its tight grip on power have stirred new unrest among Bahraini Shiites in advance of October 23, 2010, parliamentary elections.
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Underlying the unrest are Bahraini concerns that Iran is supporting Shiite opposition movements, possibly in an effort to install a Shiite led, pro-Iranian government on the island. Bahrain has few external security options other than relying on some degree of U.S. security guarantee.